Volumen: 17 # Number : 1
Publication Date : Enero - Abril Year: 2013
Authors: Ricardo Antonio Giuliani
Abstract: After the antigenic Challenge, the CD4+ T Cell follows
the differentiation pathway that mark the microenvironmental
Cytokine profile1. That profile is elaborated by Antigen Presenting Cells, particularly Dendritic Cells (DC), as innate reaction
against surrounding pathogens2.
Intracellular germs cause differentation to Th-1 phenotype
and the extracelular to Th2, Th17 o Tfh.
However these T Helper versions do not behave as terminal paterns of differentiation and may redirect its genetic programmes towards alternative phnotypes3.
For example Th17 can be transformed into Th2 or Treg, according to the cytokines released by DC in order to control a specific microorganism.
This provides better phenotypic plasticity to T Helper Cells and greatly amplifies its capacity against diverse pathogenic insults.
But the regulators of such transformations may fail by genetic mutations or deletions, activating the development
of autoreactivity.
This paper reviews the adaptative transformations in the CD4+ T Helper system. See highlighted in bold some examples of autoreactivity related to deletion of Transcription Factors or Phenotypic Versions of T Helper Cells.
Key words: Helper plasticity, T cell phenotypes CD4+, autoimmunity, Th17, Th2, Tfh, Th1, Th22
Pages : 37-45
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